“Contemplation” by Nancy Lane
Art — visual art, music, literature and drama — reflects the cultural values of the society which produces that art. Looking at a painting, reading a book, or listening to a song allows us to learn about the society, the people that created and enjoyed it.
The Greek tragedies were serious dramas that included moral lessons related to issues faced by ancient Greek society. Egyptian tomb paintings tell us much about the lives of the individuals interred in those tombs, as well as the society at large. The mosaics, paintings and other wall art found at Pompeii reflect not only Roman beliefs and mythology, but the daily activities of its residents, the foods they ate and what clothing would have been considered fashionable. And music? Traditional songs, musical instruments, national rhythms — these too can be tied to specific cultures and peoples.
While this applies to all forms of art, some would argue that the visual arts are the most reflective of society. According to the Arlington Museum of Art “Visual art has not only existed since the beginning of human history — it has become a primary record of human history. Furthermore, with the benefit of hindsight, things that weren’t considered art at the time of their creation can eventually be celebrated as examples of groundbreaking visual art. From cave drawings and tablets with the ancient cuneiform script to non-fungible tokens and immersive art, every genre of visual art holds a metaphorical mirror to society that can provide us with insights and analyses we may not otherwise have come to.”
Others point out that art in general — painting, music, literature, dance and other creative activities — not only reflects society but documents its history and developments, having a significant impact on society, religion, and education. “As society expands and grows, art changes” to reflect its new developments. (“Art is a Reflection on Society and the Times,” Rina Factor, PantherNOW.)
Literature often reflects not only a broad view of society for better or worse but the moral and intellectual challenges its characters face. In doing so, literature reflects not just a broad swath of society, but the individuals within a society, allowing those individuals to more closely identify and empathize with the characters.
Reflection provided by art is not the end in and of itself. It goes much further. “When art reflects society, it becomes a vehicle for empathy, understanding and introspection.” (Eclectic Art Gallery.) Indeed, it encourages comparisons, exchanges and melding of cultures. Art is not a static reflection but rather art influences the societies that it reflects, challenging norms and inspiring change.
— Pat Jackson
Pat Jackson is an artist and instructor working in pastels and other media as well as an Arts Center Board member.